The Effects of Gambling

Gambling involves putting something of value, such as money, on the outcome of an uncertain event where there is a degree of chance. This includes betting on sports, horses, dogs, games of chance such as lotteries or bingo, keno, dice, video poker, or scratch cards. It is common for people to gamble as a way to relieve boredom or stress or to try to recover from financial problems or personal difficulties.

In some cases, a pattern of gambling can cause a person to spend more than they can afford or to fall into debt. This can lead to serious consequences, including bankruptcy and loss of income. It is also possible to become addicted to gambling. This happens when the ‘feel good’ neurotransmitter dopamine is released in your brain when you win. This is what causes a craving for more gambling. It is also why some people have difficulty recognizing when it is time to stop gambling.

Adolescents can be influenced to engage in gambling activities by peer pressure, the desire to fit in with friends who gamble, or the perception that gambling is socially acceptable. They can also be misled by design features of gambling products and misleading health promotion messages that promote gambling. These are known as ‘dark nudges’ and can contribute to the normalization of gambling.

There is a need for more research into the long-term effects of gambling, including the rates of psychosomatic symptoms (cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal) and psychiatric problems; financial problems; gambling-related crime and neglect of children; and social costs borne by society.